1080p @ 60fps is definitely 1060-1660ti range for nvidia, or RX 5600XT if you go AMD. The thing holding you back might be your CPU though....
Have you checked the difference in FPS on the same race setup (ie: Single player, quick race, sunny, 15 AI) with both minimum and maximum/high graphics settings to see how much of an FPS difference there is?
I think you SHOULD just about be ok, I know with my old FX6300 (yep, I know, about 25% slower than the i5 on single core) I was lucky to hit 45fps on a large grid purely down to the CPU. Same GPU now pumps out over 100fps @ 1440p (compared to 1080p before) now it is paired with an R5 3600.